At a Security Council meeting on Thursday, Dmitry Polyanskiy, Russia's acting permanent representative to the UN, called on the Europeans to act to prevent the deployment of U.S. intermediate-range missiles on their continent, reports Xinhua news agency.
After exiting from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) Treaty on August 2, the US recently conducted a flight test of a ground-launched cruise missile, which the treaty would have prohibited.
Recalling a failed push by Russia at the UN to support the INF Treaty last year, Polyanskiy said: "Are you (European member states) happy today that in December you preferred to press the red button? Do you really not understand that you are returning to a situation where missiles are targeting European cities from different sides?"
He warned that the demise of the INF Treaty would not just undermine parts of the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, but would also lead to a new arms race.
Addressing the Europeans, he said, because of the U.S. geopolitical ambitions, "we are all one step from an arms race that could not be controlled or regulated in any way."
Meanwhile, the Russian envoy contrasted the military budget of his country to those of the US and NATO, saying their military expenditure could have been contributing to sustainable development and helping people in developing countries.
Returning to arms control, Polyanskiy expressed his hope that "common sense and an instinct of self-defence" will "win out among our western partners", stressing "what's at stake here is the very existence of humanity".
Thursday's meeting focused on the recent intermediate-range cruise missile test conducted by the US. The meeting was requested by China and Russia, citing the destabilizing effects of the test.
The US Department of Defence confirmed on Monday that it had conducted a flight test of a ground-launched cruise missile, which hit its intended target after travelling for more than 500 km.
This marked the first time the US conducted an intermediate-range cruise missile test after formally withdrawing from the INF Treaty.
The US and former Soviet Union signed the INF Treaty in 1987 and ratified it the following year.
The treaty prohibited possessing, development and testing of ground-launched missiles with a range of 500 to 5,500 km.
( With inputs from IANS )