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Ilam is a city and capital of Ilam Province, Iran. It is the third largest Kurdish city in Iran; and its people are mostly Shia Muslims. At the 2011 census, its population was 213,579 people, and 52,474 families. The Kabir Kuh mountain range lies east of the city. From the west it borders Iraq. The city is populated by Kurds and they speak Southern Kurdish.