With the onset of summer, the Jayakwadi reservoir region in Marathwada has once again come alive with the chirping of migratory birds, as large numbers of the distinctive Black winged Pratincole (locally known as ‘Maldivi Panbhingari’) have arrived.
Bird watchers have noted that this species travels thousands of kilometres every year from regions of East Asia and Australia to reach Jayakwadi for breeding. Measuring around 23 to 27 cm in length, the bird is brown in colour, with a prominent black stripe around its neck, long wings, short legs, and a forked tail features that make it easily identifiable. It is highly skilled at catching insects mid-air and feeds on beetles, mosquitoes, and flies, making it beneficial for farmers.
The wetlands, mudflats, riverbanks, and moist grasslands around Jayakwadi, Dheku, Girja, and Sukhna serve as its preferred habitat. Notably, these birds lay their eggs directly on the ground in the open muddy patches along the reservoir’s edges. The eggs typically hatch within 15 days to three weeks.
While the species is found globally, its local habitat is increasingly under threat. Encroachments around water bodies, rising silt deposits, clearing of shrubs, and ploughing for agriculture are reducing the open spaces required for breeding. Experts stress the need to limit siltation in the Jayakwadi area and minimise human interference to ensure the conservation of this species.
The ‘Black winged Pratincole’, which has become a major attraction for nature lovers, is enhancing the biodiversity significance of the Jayakwadi region.
— Dr Kishor Pathak, honorary wildlife member