In the quest for healthy aging and a longer lifespan, Danish researchers at the University of Southern Denmark collaborated with Swedish researchers at Karolinska Institutet to explore the anti-aging effects of football and team handball training.
The findings of the study were published in the journal 'Scientific Reports'.
The researchers investigated the effects of lifelong regular exercise on two of the central hallmarks of aging combined and showed that football and team handball have a positive effect on telomere length and mitochondrial function in women.
"Our legacy consists of DNA that is packed in chromosomes. When cells divide, the inheritance is copied, but with each cell division the ends of the DNA threads get shorter. The so-called telomeres are shortened, which causes us to age. It is remarkable that engaging in team sports such as football and handball helps women to maintain longer telomeres and healthy mitochondria," said senior researcher Muhammad Asghar, the study's shared senior author, of the Department of Medicine, Solna at Karolinska Institutet.
Asghar added, "It may potentially increase their health span and, ultimately, lifespan, as shorter telomeres and mitochondrial dysfunction are both associated with a number of age-related diseases and mortality."
"We've recently shown that 65-80-year-old male football players are in excellent physical shape in comparison to untrained age-matched individuals, evidenced by markedly higher aerobic fitness, muscle mass and bone strength as well as a younger biological age in the cells as evaluated by telomere length," said Professor Peter Krustrup, the study's shared senior author, of the Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics at the University of Southern Denmark.
Krustrup added, "Interestingly, the present study shows the same pattern, including a positive effect on mitochondrial health, in 60-80-year-old female team handball players, thereby supporting the evidence for an anti-aging potential of team sports."
"In addition to the positive findings in elderly team handball players, we observed that young female elite football players have 23 per cent longer telomeres in specific blood cells compared to untrained age-matched women," said PhD Marie Hagman, the study's first author, of the Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics at the University of Southern Denmark.
"These results are striking because differences in telomere length of that magnitude are not normally found in young participants. It should be noted, however, that this is a cross-sectional study and that our findings need to be confirmed by future randomised controlled trials," Hagman explained.
The study involved 129 healthy, non-smoking women, including young elite football players (YF, n=29, 18-30 yrs), young untrained controls (YC, n=30, 18-30 yrs), elderly team handball players (EH, n=35, 60-80 yrs) and elderly untrained controls (EC, n=35, 60-80 yrs). The study was the first to investigate the effects of lifelong regular exercise in humans on two of the central aging hallmarks combined.
The results of the study showed that elite football and lifelong team handball training are associated with beneficial anti-aging cellular effects in women.
Specifically, young elite football players demonstrated higher telomere length and higher mtDNA copy number compared to young untrained controls, while elderly team handball players showed healthy mitochondria compared to elderly untrained controls.
These cellular adaptations were also positively correlated with VO2max and the amount of weekly exercise, emphasizing the importance for these women, irrespective of age, to maintain a reasonable fitness and activity level.
( With inputs from ANI )
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