Smithsonian institution, Museum in Washington, D.C., United States

The University of Michigan developed a non-invasive sound technology that breaks down liver tumours in rats, kills cancer cells and spurs the immune system to prevent further spread.As per researchers, this development could an advance that could lead to improved cancer outcomes in humans.By destroying only 50 per cent to 75 per cent of liver tumour volume, the rats' immune systems were able to clear away the rest, with no evidence of recurrence or metastases in more than 80 per cent of animals."Even if we don't target the entire tumour, we can still cause the tumour to regress and also reduce the risk of future metastasis," said Zhen Xu, professor of biomedical engineering at U-M and corresponding author of the study in Cancers.Results also showed the treatment stimulated the rats' immune responses, possibly contributing to the eventual regression of the untargeted portion of the tumour and preventing the further spread of cancer.The treatment, called histotripsy, noninvasively focuses ultrasound waves to mechanically destroy target tissue with millimetre precision. The relatively new technique is currently being used in a human liver cancer trial in the United States and Europe.In many clinical situations, the entirety of a cancerous tumour cannot be targeted directly in treatments for reasons that include the mass' size, location or stage. To investigate the effects of partially destroying tumours with sound, this latest study targeted only a portion of each mass, leaving behind a viable intact tumour.It also allowed the team, including researchers at Michigan Medicine and the Ann Arbor VA Hospital, to show the approach's effectiveness under less than optimal conditions."Histotripsy is a promising option that can overcome the limitations of currently available ablation modalities and provide safe and effective noninvasive liver tumour ablation," said Tejaswi Worlikar, a doctoral student in biomedical engineering."We hope that our learnings from this study will motivate future preclinical and clinical histotripsy investigations toward the ultimate goal of clinical adoption of histotripsy treatment for liver cancer patients."Liver cancer ranks among the top 10 causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide and in the US. Even with multiple treatment options, the prognosis remains poor with five-year survival rates of less than 18 per cent in the US. The high prevalence of tumour recurrence and metastasis after initial treatment highlights the clinical need for improving outcomes of liver cancer.Where a typical ultrasound uses sound waves to produce images of the body's interior, U-M engineers have pioneered the use of those waves for treatment. And their technique works without the harmful side effects of current approaches such as radiation and chemotherapy."Our transducer, designed and built at U-M, delivers high amplitude microsecond-length ultrasound pulses -- acoustic cavitation -- to focus on the tumour specifically to break it up," Xu said. "Traditional ultrasound devices use lower amplitude pulses for imaging."The microsecond long pulses from UM's transducer generate microbubbles within the targeted tissues -- bubbles that rapidly expand and collapse. These violent but extremely localized mechanical stresses kill cancer cells and break up the tumour's structure.Since 2001, Xu's laboratory at U-M has pioneered the use of histotripsy in the fight against cancer, leading to the clinical trial '#HOPE4LIVER' sponsored by HistoSonics, a U-M spinoff company. More recently, the group's research has produced promising results on histotripsy treatment of brain therapy and immunotherapy.The study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, Focused Ultrasound Foundation, VA Merit Review, U-M's Forbes Institute for Discovery and Michigan Medicine-Peking University Health Sciences Center Joint Institute for Translational and Clinical Research.( With inputs from ANI )Disclaimer: This post has been auto-published from an agency feed without any modifications to the text and has not been reviewed by an editor

Smithsonian InstitutionFOLLOW

Smithsonian institution, Latest News

The United States on Thursday authorized new military assistance worth USD 800 million for Ukraine. ...

Thiruvananthapuram, April 21 Kerala Chief Minister Pinarayi Vijayan and CPI-M state secretary Kodiyeri Balakrishnan are set to leave ... ...

The United States embassy in Pakistan has announced USD 48 million in aid for Afghan refugees in Islamabad. ...

Los Angeles, April 21 Kim Kardashian-starrer reality show 'The Kardash' is its biggest series premiere in US history, ... ...

Los Angeles, April 20 A total of 34 people were shot in Los Angeles in a "troubling week," ... ...

Mumbai, April 20 Hollywood star Julia Roberts shares in detail about her transformation as Martha Mitchell, with the ... ...

The United States has condemned the attacks near a boys' school in Kabul that killed over 20 people and called for an investigation. ...

The University of Michigan developed a non-invasive sound technology that breaks down liver tumours in rats, kills cancer cells and spurs the immune system to prevent further spread. ...