Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves.
"The study shows that the higher the level of air pollution, the higher the risk of schizophrenia. For each 10 µg/m3 (concentration of air pollution per cubic metre) increase in the daily average, the risk of schizophrenia increases by approximately 20 per cent," said study researcher Henriette Thisted Horsdal from Aarhus University in Denmark.
"Children who are exposed to an average daily level above 25 µg/m3 have an approx. 60 per cent greater risk of developing schizophrenia compared to those who are exposed to less than 10 µg/m3," Horsdal added.
According to the study, published in the journal JAMA Network Open, the research team included 23,355 people in total, and of these, 3,531 developed schizophrenia.
"The risk of developing schizophrenia is also higher if you have a higher genetic liability for the disease. Our data shows that these associations are independent of each other," Horsdal said.
The association between air pollution and schizophrenia cannot be explained by a higher genetic liability in people who grow up in areas with high levels of air pollution, the researcher said.
According to the study, the researchers combine genetic data from iPSYCH with air pollution data from the Department of Environmental Science for the results.
Though the results demonstrate an increased risk of schizophrenia when the level of air pollution during childhood increases, the researchers cannot comment on the cause.
Instead they emphasise that further studies are needed before they can identify the cause of this association, they concluded.
( With inputs from IANS )