Sanford burnham prebys medical discovery institute, Research institution in San Diego, California

A collaborative study by scientists of Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute and the University of Glasgow has identified two drugs that are potent against Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and also administered how they effectively contribute to cancer cell death.Published in the journal Nature Communications, the research shows that the two drugs are potent against AML when combined, but weakly effective when used alone. The researchers were able to significantly enhance cancer cell death by jointly administering the drugs that are only partially effective when used as single-agent therapies."Our study shows that two types of drugs, MDM2 inhibitors and BET inhibitors, work synergistically to promote significant anti-leukaemia activity. The results were surprising because previous research had shown that each drug on its own had modest benefit against AML. The new research provides a scientific rationale to advance clinical studies of the drug combination in patients with AML," says Peter Adams, PhD, a professor at Sanford Burnham Prebys and senior author of the study.There are many types of AML, and different cases have different chromosome changes, gene mutations and epigenetic modifications, making it difficult for researchers to find novel therapies that will work for a substantial proportion of patients.Although much progress has been made toward finding effective treatments in recent years, the long-term overall survival has stagnated. According to the American Cancer Society, the five-year survival rate for adults with AML remains less than 30%.Notably, TP53, the most frequently mutated gene in all human cancers, is found unaltered in about 90% of AML patients. Since the product of the TP53 gene, p53, acts to suppress tumors, scientists have sought drugs that reactivate or boost its anti-cancer powers in AML, which should provide a clinical benefit. However, such drugs on their own have been disappointing in AML."We were interested in combining MDM2 and BET inhibitors because each showed encouraging pre-clinical activity, but limited activity when given to patients as a single agent," says Adams. "Previous research had shown that MDM2 inhibitors activate p53, and BET inhibitors suppress genes associated with leukaemias--but not p53."Our research unexpectedly showed that like MDM2 inhibitors, BET inhibitors activate p53, but through a different pathway. BET inhibitors mute the power of a protein called BRD4, which we found is a p53 suppressor in AML," according to Adams. "Between the two drugs, you end up with a 'double whammy' effect that fully unleashes the anti-cancer activity of p53.Better therapies for AML are desperately needed. This study illustrates that targeting BRD4 as part of a combination therapy holds promise for patients diagnosed with this very dangerous disease, noted Adams.( With inputs from ANI )Disclaimer: This post has been auto-published from an agency feed without any modifications to the text and has not been reviewed by an editor

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A collaborative study by scientists of Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute and the University of Glasgow has identified two drugs that are potent against Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) and also administered how they effectively contribut ...